How to know what malware to remove

Good day, guys. I'm utterly new to malware world and I'm left wondering on how to know what malwares are to erase. As said by Mr. Chaslang, "... there can be residual left over damage to many aspects of the Windows Operating System that may also be very hard to repair. ... act of removing malware can sometimes cause unexpected problems due to how the malware has hooked itself into your operating system." I don't want to risk destroying my netbook so I came here to ask for help. Also, when I tried erasing all the malware I found, the screen went blue (after like 5 mins) and a similar notice like this (I'm not quite sure if UNMOUNTABLE_BOOT_VOLUME was also what was said in my case, I only got this picture from the net) appeared



Was it because of my mindless deleting of malware? :cry

And which among these should I delete and if possible, state the reason why. (You needn't to but I'll be really grateful. I just want to know more about malware and how they operate.)


Any help would be really, really, really appreciated. Thank you so much, people!

 

Thank you for looking into this matter. And I'm really sorry about the tiny screenshot. That's all what my netbook could manage. I'm not so sure if this is what you are looking for but I'll give it a try. How do I know if the malware I'm deleting wouldn't affect any important program? Say, like the operating system?